Machine for enlarging and reducing forms



May 28, 1929. 5, NEBEL 1,714,984

MACHINE FOR ENLARGING AND REDUCING FORMS Filed June 11, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Ber/%o/o lVebel- BY M ATERIJ Y May 28, 1929. B 1,714,984

MACHINE FOR ENLARGING AND REDUCING FORMS Filed June 11, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR BY 35 TQWM W A ORNEY Patented May 28,

UNETFL tim , BER I*Z)LD NEBEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TEACHIITEFOR ENLARGING AND REDUCING FORMS.

Application filed June 11,

graph is used, and which is adapted forthe reproduction, duplication, enlargement or reduction of a model, which may be a statue or some other form. My invention is intended to provide a simple and efficient machine on the foregoing principle, which is constructed and arranged so that a given model may be quickly and roughly reproduced in a desired size, and the finishing touches made with the required nicety. My invention also contemplates arranging the mechanism so that parts can be disconnected in order that quic roughing out or final touching up may be done by hand if desired. The invention is also intend ed to have the parts arranged so that they may be quickly and accurately adjusted and easily operated, and rotatable work tables, one adapted to carry the model and the other the block or work are used; and tools are arranged so that one is guided by the model, and one does the cutting on the rough block. The invention also provides means for nicely guiding and adjusting both the cutting and guiding tools, and these are arranged and connected so as to work in unison. All of which will be better understood from the description which follows.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a broken side elevation of an embodiment of my invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the machine.

Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through one of the work tables.

Figure 4 is an inverted plan of the table shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a broken end view of the base and the sliding post mounted thereon.

Figure 6 is an enlarged cross section of the guide arm and a modified means of adjusting one of the tools.

Figure 7 is a broken plan view of the struc-' ture shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a detail section illustrating the connection between the swinging main arm and one of the tool shanks.

Figure 9 is a plan view of shown in Figure 8.

FigurelO is an enlarged side elevation of the structure 1934. Serial No. 719,426.

the ball joint connection with the main arm, and i. s

Figure 11' is an inverted plan of the ball joint shown in Figure 10, and illustrates means for adjusting the same.

The drawings are by way ofenampla-and in them I show a suitable base 10 which can be of any preferred design, but which has preferably slightly overhanging top side flanges 11. One of the flanges 11 is made mathematically straight to serve as aguiding edge for accurate positioning of a slidable turntable and pantograph standard, as will appear. The foot-piece 12 is mounted on-the base near one end and has detachable flanges 13 held in place by bolts 14 and embracing arm 39 hereinafter referred to.

The base 10 is made level, flat, and true by being nicely planed so that it will carry the parts 12, 17 and 26 hereinafter referred to in a common true plane. Thus a known true facter is provided which makes the operating parts carried by the base more easily and accurately adjustable. The base also has a straight edge at the part on which the aforementioned members slide, and thus the several moving parts on the base are not only on a common true plane, but are also always centered.

The base 10 also serves as a support for the two turn tables 17 and 26 which are spaced v apart as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and the table 17 is held at a higher elevation than the table 26 and is rotatably supported by means of a vertical shaft- 18 which is secured by a coupling 19 to a support or base 20. The bases of the two turntables rest directly on the flat top of the base and turn on said top surface as a: bearing surface. The *support 20 carries a bracket 21 which slides on the flanges 11 of the base, and can be secured at a desired point by suitable set screws 22. The bracket 21 when clamped to the straightedge or flange 11 holds the base 20 in proper position. The shaft 18 is provided with a Wheel 23 which engages a chain 24c, and thisengages a wheel 25 of similar size on the hub of the table 26, the latter being also provided with means for turning it, as for instance a worm gear 27 which is driven by a worm shaft 28 having an extension 29 which can beturned by any suitable handle or driving means. The length of the chain may be varied as necessary by adding or taking away links, or by means of a tightener, for example. The worm 28 is preferably mounted in a bracket 30 which can be swung down out of the way so as to disconnect the worm and the gear 27, the bracket being hinged as shown at 31 in Figure 3. It can be fastened in connective position by bolts 32 or the like. This arrangement is shown in a general way, and obviously many devices might be used for making a disconnectible connection between the worm 28 and the gear 27. This is desirable because the operator may wish to roughly shape the block or material onthe table 26 before actuating it by the gearing described, in which case he can turn it by hand as he reughs out the block, and it may also be desired to turn it by hand when putting the finishing manual touches to the sublarged or reduced, and if it is .to be merely duplicated, the tables 17 and 26 will be at the same elevation.

The post 16 above referred to has an offset bracket arm 33 extending over the table 10 and clamped in place by the bearing ring 34 and suitable bolts, although other means for supporting it and permitting its vertical adjustment, can be used.

The post 35 is vertically adjustable in the bracket 33 and can be held by a set screw 36.

This post supports the ball joint 37 which is shownin a general way to indicate a ball joint, as any suitable similar joint can be substituted. The plate forming the body of the ball oint is, however, preferably adjust able in and out to provide for the requisite nicety of centering, and to this end it is secured to the bracket 38 (see Figures 10 and 11) each bolt 37 extending through slots 37 in the plate.

The bracket 38 carried by the ball oint 37 supports the main arm 39 which carries the working tools and which is clamped to the bracket 38 as the drawing shows.- This main arm is intended to swing horizontally and vertically, and spaced apart upon it are the tool carrying brackets 40 which are spaced so that one will come opposite the table 17 and the other opposite the table 26. Each bracket 40 (see Figure 8) is preferably formed with a plate 41 which is secured to the plate 2, and the latter turns on a flat center bolt or king pin 45. The plate 41 is secured to the plate 42 by bolts or screws 46, while other bolts or screws 47 extend through the plate 41 and impinge on the top of the plate 42, and thus by adjusting the bolts or screws 46 and 47, the proper tension can be had and the desired nicety of adjustment easily obtained. i

The brackets 40 each carry the shanks 49 of the operating tools. The inner shank 49, that is the one nearest the pivot of the main arm 39, can have a guide tool 50 which may be secured in any suitable way, and the outer shank 49 may carry a tool 51, the end of which can be in the form of a cutting tool. This is preferably connected with the shank 49 by a being directed to follow the contour of the model on the table 17, and the other one, 51, making corresponding cuts on the block carried by the table 26 so as to reduce the block to the shape of the finished model,

In Figures 6 and 7 I have shown a slightly modified means of operating the tools 50 and 51, and as here shown the brackets 43 are provided with outwardly extending tail pieces 54 which are connected to the handle 52, and one of the brackets can be provided with a toothed sector 55 driven by a worm gear 56 suitably supported beneath the arm 39 and having an operating shank or shaft 57, so that by means of this the connected bracket 43 may be accurately and easily turned, and the tool 50 which it carries correspondingly moved. The tops of the brackets 40 Figure 7) can if desired be provided with sight lines or grooves 58 which are similarly arranged.

lVhen the machine is to be used, the main arm 39 may be dropped and adjusted by means of the structure shown in Figure 11 so that the bracket 38 and the main arm 39 will properly align with the tables 17 and 26, and that the centers of all three moving parts, that is the arm 39, the table 17, and the table 26, shall align. Assuming now that the model is to be enlarged, the model will. be secured to the table 17, the block to be finished is secured to the table 26, and the bracket 38 is raised and fastened on the post 16 so as to be at the proper height.

The operator then has the tables 26 and 17 rotated, and by means of the handle bar 52 he guides the tool 50 over the surface of the model on the table 17, and obviously a corresponding movement will be given to the tool 51' which being a cutting tool, will chip off the rotating block on the table 26.

If, however, the model is to be reduced, the finished model is placed on the table 26, and the smaller block on the table 17, and in this case the tool 50 is carried by the outer shank 49, while the cutting tool 51 is carried by the inner shank 49.

If, however, the model is simply to be duplicated, the tables 17 and 26 would of course be of the same height and the tools 50 and 51 might be carried by either shank 4-9.

It will be noted that the adjustments referred to are much easier to make because of the accurate level base on which the movable parts are mounted, which causes them to move on a common plane known to be right.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that much of the structure which I have described can be changed to a great extent without affecting the principle of the invention, which consists broadly in adapting the principle of the pantograph to the reproduction of models, and the essential thing is to have means for simultaneously rotating the finished model and the stock from which the reproduction is to be made, and to support the guiding and cutting tools on a common center so that said tools may be brought into contact with the model and stock.

The particularly important features of this invention are the flat topped base 10, and mathematically straight guiding edge 11, associated with the three essential elements of the apparatus, namely, the two turntables and the pantograph standard, whereby these three elements are always in absolutely accurate position with respect to each other. In reproducing work especially, accuracy down to minute fractions of an inch is essential. The two turntables and the pantograph standard rest directly on the flat base, the flattop of the base being the bearing surface, and so may always be placed absolutely accurately with respect to a horizontal plane. The slidable turntable and the pantograph standard are furthermore always held in accurate alignment with each other and with the fixed turntable, by reason of their engagement with the mathematically straight guiding edge 11.

It will be noted that by having the flat topped table 11 with the elements 26, 17 and 16 thereon and adjustable with relation to each other, I can easily align all the parts, and by dropping the arm 39, can readily lay it upon the table and'get a true center, after which the arm can beraised and the members adjusted as" necessity requires on the said flat surface. j

By having the surface of the base flat and level, it will be seen that the arm 39 may be dropped so that the bottoms of the members carried by the brackets 40 will rest on the base top, and thus the arm will be'leveled and can be readily centered.

I claim 1. In a machine for enlarging or reducing sculpture and the like the combination of a heavy, rigid base provided with a straight guiding edge, a pair of turntables mounted on the base, means connecting the turntables so that they turn in unison, one of the turntables being slidable longitudinally on the a base and provided with means engaging said straight guiding edge, whereby this turntable is always accurately positioned with respect to thebase, means for clamping the slidable turntable in fixed position on the base, a standard for supporting a pantograph, said standard being 'slidable longitudinally on the base and having means engaging wit-h said guiding straight edge, whereby it is always accurately positioned with respect to the base, means for clamping the standard in place on the base, and a pantograph carried by the pantograph standard for engaging with objects supported on the turntables.

2. In a machine for enlarging or reducing sculpture or the like, the combination of a heavy, rigid base provided with a flat, horizontal top surface and a straight guiding edge, a pair of turntables resting directly on the flat top surface of the base and turntable on this flat top surface as a bearing surface, means connecting the turntables so that they turn in unison, one of the turntables being slidable longitudinally of the base, and having a bracket which slidably engages with the straight guiding edge, this turntable being rotatable with respect to said bracket, means for clamping the bracket to the base for holding it and its turntable in adjusted position with respect to the base, a standard for supporting a pantograph, said standard being slidable longitudinally on the base and having guiding and clamping means cooperating with said straight guiding edge whereby it may be accurately positioned with respect to the base, and a pantograph carried by the pantograph standard for engaging with objects supported on the turntables.

3. In a machine for enlarging or reducing sculptureand the like, the combination of a heavy, rigid, fiat, horizontal base provided with a straight guiding edge, a pair of turntables mounted on the base, one of the turntables being slidable on the base and having means engaging said guiding edge, means I connecting the turntables so that they turn in unison, the turntables having bases which rest directly on the flat top of the horizontal base, the bearings for the turntables and the means connecting them beingabove the top of the base, whereby no shafts pass through the table, a pantograph standard slidably supported on the base, and having means engaging said guiding edge, whereby the three essential elements, the two turntables and the pantographstandard, are supported on the same common level and may always be 1 maintained in accurate alinement, and a pantograph carried by the pantograph standard, for engagement with objects supported on the turntables.

In testimony whereof, Iha-Ve signed my 15 name to this specification this 28th day of May, 1924.

BERTI-IOLD NEBEL. 

